And, it has affected NSW’s primary producers.

It was a dry end to winter with rainfall well below average to extremely low across most of inland NSW and the south east.

In many areas, particularly in central NSW, rainfall received was the lowest 10 per cent of years.

NSW Department of Primary Industries seasonal conditions coordinator Ian McGowen said rainfall for all of NSW during August was 44 per cent below average, making it the driest August in the past four years.

“Most of northern, central and western NSW, the Hunter Valley and Sydney basin received generally light and patchy rainfall of between 5-25 mm,” he said.

“However, the north coast fared the worst, receiving less than 5mm.

“The best falls occurred in the south of the state, including areas of the Murray Valley, eastern to central Riverina, southern and central tablelands, alpine areas and south coast.

“Unfortunately, the drier than normal conditions continued into early September.

“The continued warmer than normal daytime temperatures combined with a lack of topsoil moisture, frosts and grazing pressure meant pasture growth remained limited across much of inland NSW.

“The limited August rainfall and frequent frosts have caused winter crop prospects to continue to decline. In many areas, the number of frosts during the growing season has been much greater than normal.

Compounding the dry season, severe frosts in mid-late August and early September in many areas caused stem and head frosting in cereals, with flower and pod abortion occurring in pulse and canola crops.

“These conditions have meant that many crops have been abandoned west of the Newell Highway across north western and central western NSW and areas of the western Riverina.

“Crops that have not been as badly affected by frost and moisture stress urgently require above-average to slow or halt declines in potential yield.

“In eastern areas, more rainfall was received during August, but was insufficient to replenish depleted topsoil moisture reserves.

“Growers in a number of areas will need to make difficult decisions soon on whether to persist with crops or to graze them or cut them for hay.

“Areas of the eastern Riverina, south west slopes and the Murray valley received sufficient rainfall during August to maintain crop yield potential, although above average follow up rainfall is required.

“The prospects for dryland summer cropping across many areas of northern NSW are poor, with August and early September rainfall insufficient to replenish depleted subsoil moisture reserves.

“Significant rainfall is required during September to allow a dryland summer crop to be sown in northern NSW.”

The Bureau of Meteorology’s rainfall outlook for September to November indicates there is a near-equal chance of drier or wetter than normal conditions across most of NSW, although wetter than normal conditions are likely in the far north east and areas of the south east.

With both the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole remaining neutral, these outlooks have been influenced by other climate drivers.

Influences include warmer sea surface temperatures along the east of the continent and cooler sea surface temperatures in the eastern Indian Ocean.

Other influences include the prospect of high atmospheric pressure south of the continent and the possibility of a positive Southern Annular Mode.

These contribute to the likelihood of greater easterly flow across southern Australia.

Primary producers are encouraged to prepare for and manage drought conditions.

For information on a range of services and support available, visit www.droughthub.nsw.gov.au